ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF Ferula orientalis L. (APIACEAE) FROM DIFFERENT LOCALITIES OF TURKEY.

Abstract

Aromatic plants had been used since ancient times for their preservative and medicinal characters, and to impart aroma and flavour to food, the pharmaceutical properties of aromatic plants are partially attributed to their essential oils. Essential oils have been shown to possess antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal and antioxidant properties. Ferula L. taxa are generally named Çakşır, Çakşır otu or Çaşır in Turkey. Herbal parts of Ferula plants are used as animal fodder for winter months in Eastern Turkey; roots of Ferula are used as aphrodisiac and some taxa of Ferula have been used in folk medicine as sedatives, for the treatment of rheumatism, digestive disorders, headache, arthritis, toothache and diabetes. In this study, essential oil composition of Ferula orientalis L. from three different localities (Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya) of Turkey have been studied to determine taxonomic classification and essential oil contents. For this purpose, aerial parts of plant samples were investigated by HS-SPME/GC-MS. 33, 29, 30 compounds were identified in F. orientalis from Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya localities accounting from 92.2%, 96.9%, 96.3% of the whole oil, respectively. In all localities -pinene, camphene, -pinene, sabinene, naphthalene, -phellandrene were detected among the main compounds. -pinene and -phellandrene were found to be the most percentange of Bingöl (28.4%-5.6%), Elazığ (35.5%-6.4%), Malatya (27.7%-7.4%) localities and these compounds were detected the chemotypes of F. orientalis. With this study, essential oil contents of F. orientalis was found to be rich and the results were discussed with the genus patterns in means of chemotaxonomy, natural products and usable potentials of the plant as renewable resources.