BİNGÖL KOŞULLARINDA SİLAJLIK MISIR İÇİN UYGUN EKİM ZAMANININ BELİRLENMESİ

Abstract

ÖZET Bu çalışma, Bingöl ekolojik koşullarında birinci ürün olarak yetiştirilecek silajlık mısır çeşitlerinin verim ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2016 yılı vejetasyon döneminde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma; tesadüf bloklarında iki faktörlü faktöriyel deneme desenine uygun olarak, iki adet silajlık mısır çeşidi (30B74 ve Burak) ve altı farklı ekim zamanı olacak şekilde Bingöl Üniversitesi Genç Meslek Yüksekokulu Uygulama ve Araştırma Alanında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada; bitki boyu, bitki sap çapı, yeşil koçan oranı, yeşil yaprak oranı, yeşil sap oranı, yeşil ot verimi, kuru koçan oranı, kuru yaprak oranı, kuru sap oranı, kuru ot verimi, ham protein oranı, ham protein verimi, asit deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (ADF), nötral deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (NDF), kalsiyum, magnezyum, fosfor ve potasyum oranlarına ilişkin veriler ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada incelenen özellikler arasında istatistiki olarak önemli farklılıklar elde edilmiştir (bitki boyu, bitki sap çapı, yeşil koçan oranı, yeşil ot verimi, kuru koçan oranı, kuru yaprak oranı, kuru sap oranı, kuru ot verimi ve ham protein verimi çok önemli düzeyde (P≤0,01); yeşil sap, ham protein ve ADF oranları ise önemli düzeyde (P≤0,05). Araştırma sonucunda; bitki boyu 258,1-305,6 cm, bitki sap çapı 18,28-22,04 mm, yeşil koçan oranı %28,2-34,2, yeşil yaprak oranı %16,7-19,2, yeşil sap oranı %47,3-53,8, yeşil ot verimi 7276,5-9882,5 kg/da, kuru koçan oranı %25,6-38,1, kuru yaprak oranı %16,9-23,3, kuru sap oranı %38,8-51,5, kuru ot verimi 2016,5-2890,0 kg/da, ham protein oranı %10,67-12,50, ham protein verimi 230,5-362,5 kg/da, ADF oranı %18,53-22,00, NDF oranı %26,21-30,89, Ca oranı %0,28-0,53, Mg oranı %0,13-0,16, P oranı, %0,33-0,36 ve K oranı %2,40-2,75 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, Bingöl koşullarında ana ürün silajlık mısır üretimi için uygun ekim tarihinin Haziran ayının ilk yarısı olabileceği fikri oluşmuştur.

ABSTRACT In this study was conducted to determine proper sowing time of corn silage varieties as the first product to be grown in the Bingöl province ecological conditions during 2016 growing season. In the research, two different silage corn varieties (30B74 and Burak) were used as plant material and the research was conducted in ways that six different sowing time as in randomized two-factor factorial complete block design with three replications in Bingöl Genç Vocational High School Application and Research Field. In the study; plant height, stalk diameter, green cob ratio, green leaf ratio, green stalk ratio, green herbage yield, dry cob ratio, dry leaf ratio, dry stalk ratio, dry herbage yield, crude protein ratio, crude protein yield, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), calcium, magnesium, phosphor and potassium ratio characteristics were investigated. The results of variance analyses showed that there were statistically significant differences among some characters (plant height, stalk diameter, green cob ratio, green herbage yield, dry cob ratio, dry leaf ratio, dry stalk ratio, dry herbage yield and crude protein yield were very significant (P≤0.01); green stalk ratio, crude protein and ADF ratios were significant (P≤0.05). In the results of research; plant height values were ranged between 258.1-305.6 cm, stalk diameters were ranged between 18.28-22.04 mm, green cob ratios were ranged between 28.2-34.2%, green leaf ratios were ranged between 16.7-19.2%, green stalk ratios were ranged between 47.3-53.8%, green herbage yield were ranged between 7277-9883 kg/da, dry cob ratios were ranged between 25.6-38.1%, dry leaf ratios were ranged between 16.9-23.3%, dry stalk ratios were ranged between 38.8-51.5%, dry herbage yield were ranged between 2017-2890 kg/da, crude protein ratios were ranged between 10.67-12.50%, crude protein yield were ranged between 230.5-362.5 kg/da, ADF ratios were ranged between 18.53-22.00%, NDF ratios were ranged between 26.21-30.89%, Ca ratio were ranged between 0.28-0.53%, Mg ratio were ranged between 0.13-0.16%, P ratio were ranged between 0.33-0.36% and K ratio were ranged between 2.40-2.75%. As a result of the research, first half of June was seen suitable optimum sowing time as main product for production of silage corn under Bingöl conditions could be.