Fizik Problemlerinden Bazılarının Virial Teoremine Göre Çözümleri
Özet
ÖZET:
Virial, Latince güç, kuvvet ya da enerji anlamına gelen “vis” kelimesinden türetilmiştir. Virial Teoremi Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius tarafından yaklaşık 20 yıl süren çalışmalar sonucu bulunmuştur. Bu teorem kapalı (kararlı) sistemlerde kinetik enerji ve potansiyel enerji arasında bir ilişkiyi verdiği için, hem klasik fizikte hem de kuantum fiziğinde hareket eden parçacıklar sistemi için önemli bir teoremdir. Virial teoremi; galaksiler, nükleer fizik, kozmoloji, astrofizik, gazların kinetik enerjisi, atom ve metallerdeki elektron tepkileri gibi birçok alanda uygulanabilmektedir. Bu tezde kapalı (kararlı) sistemlerde var olan kütle çekimi potansiyeli, yay potansiyeli gibi bazı fizik problemlerini ele alarak virial teoremini uygulayacağız. Ayrıca Schrödinger Denklemi gibi bazı denklemlerin çözümlerinde de virial teoremini uygulayacağız. ABSTRACT:
Virial is derived from the Latin word “vis” meaning power, force or energy. The Virial Theorem was discovered by Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius as a result of nearly 20 years of work. Since this theorem gives a relationship between kinetic energy and potential energy in closed (stable) systems, it is an important theorem for systems of moving particles in both classical and quantum physics. Virial theorem; It can be applied in many fields such as galaxies, nuclear physics, cosmology, astrophysics, kinetic energy of gases, electron reactions in atoms and metals. In this thesis, we will apply the virial theorem by considering some physics problems such as gravitational potential and spring potential in closed (stable) systems. We will also apply the virial theorem to the solutions of some equations, such as the Schrödinger equation.
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