Kâfirûn Suresi'nin Tefsiri Işığında Küfür Olgusu

Abstract

ÖZET: “Kâfirûn Suresi‟nin ışığında küfür olgusu” adlı bu çalışmada genel olarak surenin içinde geçen kavramlar ve surenin vermek istediği mesaj incelendi. Kâfirûn Suresi kısa olmasına rağmen ihtiva ettiği konular açısından gayet geniş bir suredir. Surenin nüzul sebebi olarak geçen rivayetler incelendiğinde bir tarafta Mekke müşrikleri diğer tarafta da Yüce Allah‟ın elçisinin olduğu görülür. Mekke müşriklerinin karşılıklı inançlara uyma tekliflerine karşı inen surenin verdiği cevap bu konuda taviz verilmesinin mümkün olmadığını gözler önüne sermektedir. Surede serahaten geçen küfür, ubudiyyet ve din kavramları incelendi. Kavramların önce etimolojik sonra da semantik anlamları verildikten sonra genel olarak izahatlarına gidildi. Bu konuda alimlerin görüşlerine yer verilmek suretiyle farklı görüşler ortaya kondu.

ABSRACT: In this study called the concept of “blasphemy in the light of the interpretation of Surat al-Kâfirûn”, the surah of unbeliever and the concepts in it were examined in general. Although the surah of the unbeliever is short, it is a very wide sura in terms of the subjects it contains. When the narrations mentioned as the insignificant reason of the surah are examined, it is seen that there are Mecca polytheists on one side and the messenger of Yüce Allah on the other. The answer given by the surah that was sent down against the proposals of the Makkan polytheists to obey mutual beliefs reveals that it is not possible to compromise on this issue. This is the first time among the verses and chapters that have been revealed until that day, the sura reveals the importance of the issue in terms of containing such a harsh style to the polytheists. He gathered the unbelief under one roof with the address of “O unbelievers”, put them aside, and placed the believers in front of him. In this sense, he made it certain that unbelief and belief and the coming together of unbelievers and believers were an alternative. Even if it is a show according to the Surah, believers cannot follow the religions of the unbelievers, they cannot worship, their cults, idols, etc. They can not honor, never compromise their own beliefs, religions and worship. During the study, the books of “the holy Quran, commentary and lexicon” were generally used. It was difficult to access printed versions of the exploited works, so digital ones were often used. Original texts were preferred over translations whenever possible. In addition to the concepts of unbelief, worship and religion mentioned in the Surah, the concepts of faith, shirk and tawhid were also discussed. After giving the etymological and then semantic meanings of the concepts, general explanations were made. Different views were put forward by including the views of scholars on this issue. Finally, we tried to examine what the message of the surah was and the message to be given in the last verse.